数说金砖：请查收这份“金色十年”成绩单

伴随金砖国家领导人第十一次会晤的举行，下一个“金色十年”正式起航。

正所谓“大鹏之动，非一羽之轻”，站在第二个“金色十年”的开局之年，回首过往，历经十年合作前行金砖机制更加完善，合作基础更加牢固。展望未来，金砖合作如何拓展，伙伴关系何以深化备受期待。

The heads of state and government of all five BRICS nations are convening for the 11th BRICS Summit from Wednesday to Thursday in Brazil's capital city Brasilia.

This marks the first annual summit of the second decade of BRICS cooperation. These are some of the achievements of the first decade and the vision where the relationship is expected to go in the future.

第一个“金色十年”成色如何？

十年前，金砖国家间的合作机制正式启动，恰逢新兴市场国家和发展中国家群体性崛起之际。

在第一个“金色十年”里，覆盖亚、非、拉、欧四大洲五个新兴经济体的金砖合作机制取得显著成效：在五国的共同努力下，金砖国家逐步形成了经贸财金、政治安全和人文交流齐头并进的“三轮驱动”格局，为促进世界经济增长、推动全球治理体系变革、维护国际和平稳定作出重要贡献。

BRICS' first decade saw each of the members laying down groundwork for cooperation, from identifying areas of convergence on political issues to improving economic ties. The level of engagement between its members, ranging from high-level summits and ministerial meetings to various working groups and conferences, has only deepened over that period.

Since 2009, the group has met annually at formal summits.

多领域合作硕果累累

金砖合作机制成立十年来，合作领域不断拓展，合作机制不断完善，国际影响力持续上升。

经贸合作共享发展成果，财金合作助力经济增长，卫生合作共迎全球健康挑战，科技创新合作把握时代机遇…各个主要合作领域不断取得累累硕果，见证金砖国家“金质”更足。

Since its first summit in 2009, BRICS has established more than 30 cooperation areas. The most prominent are: economy and finance, health, science, technology and innovation, security and business. Altogether these initiatives have yielded fruitful and laudable outcomes, and provided concrete benefits.

其中，经济领域的合作一直是金砖合作的主线，也是金砖合作的重要基础。通过多层次的合作渠道，2014年7月15日，金砖五国在巴西福塔莱萨签署协议，成立金砖国家新开发银行（NDB），建立金砖国家应急储备安排（CRA）。

作为金砖合作的重要成果，这两项开拓性的合作机制不仅为金砖国家和其他新兴市场国家、发展中国家的发展提供更有力支持，也得以帮助他们更好应对国际资本流动风险和金融动荡冲击。

Two of the most notable achievements of the BRICS have been the institutionalization of the New Development Bank (NDB), aimed at funding infrastructure projects in developing nations, and the Contingency Reserve Arrangement (CRA), which will help member countries forestall short-term liquidity pressure.

同频共振，未来可期

据巴西媒体报道，金砖国家开发银行将于今年12月前在巴西圣保罗设立美洲区域办公室，该办公室同时拟在巴西利亚设代表处。

金砖五国也将持续推进金砖国家安全事务高级代表会议，深化政治安全领域合作，加大在打击跨国犯罪等方面的协作，维系“对话而不对抗，结伴而不结盟”的准则，勇担金砖责任，维护世界和平安宁。

除此之外，不断深化科技创新合作、推进数字经济领域合作、完善金砖国家新开发银行与金砖国家工商理事会之间的协调机制……展望未来，金砖国家将继续唱响支持多边主义、推动完善全球治理的主旋律。

The NDB regional office for the Americas is set to be inaugurated in Sao Paulo, Brazil, with an office in Brasilia as well.

BRICS National Security Advisers (NSA) meeting and the working groups' activities will continue to be advanced. During the 2019 summit, the partners will discuss the continuation of current security cooperation as well as the focus on the fight against transnational crime.

BRICS also intends to draw closer the activities of the Business Council and the NDB, according to the statement of the 2019 Brazil summit.

Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Ma Zhaoxu said at last week's briefing that China hopes the summit can achieve fruitful results, which include deepening partnership and maintaining the positive momentum of BRICS cooperation, jointly safeguarding multilateralism, improving and strengthening global governance, and helping BRICS economic transformation.

“金砖”从何而来？

金砖（BRICS）是由巴西（Brazil）、俄罗斯（Russia）、印度（India）、中国（China）和南非（South Africa）五国的英文名称首字母而组成的缩写词。因“BRICS”拼写和发音同英文单词“砖”（bricks）相近，中国媒体和学者将其译为金砖国家。

2009年，首届金砖领导人会晤在俄罗斯叶卡捷琳堡举行。随后，南非于2011年加入，金砖的英文名称最终定为“BRICS”，“金砖四国”由此正式变为“金砖五国”。

金砖五国的目标也十分明确：主张建立一个公平、民主和多级化的国际新秩序。

BRICS is the acronym for an association of five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.

The aim of the grouping was clear from its inception: to establish an equitable, democratic and multi-polar world order.

In 2009, the first BRIC summit (Brazil, Russia, India and China) was held in Yekaterinburg, Russia. In 2011, after the entry of South Africa, the "S" was added to the acronym and the grouping became known as BRICS.

“金砖”的分量究竟有多重？

在当前全球贸易局势紧张和贸易保护主义横行的背景下，金砖国家依旧坚持发展各国之间在各领域的经济合作。

那么，这个由新兴经济体组成的“金砖”究竟在全球占据多少分量呢？

据国家货币基金组织和世界银行的最新数据显示，金砖国家人口占世界人口总和的42%，国土面积占近30%。

过去的十年中，金砖国家国力不断增强。2019年最新数据显示，金砖五国GDP总和约占世界GDP总和的23%，对世界经济增长贡献率超越50%。

金砖国家对全球经济增长贡献率的巨大提升，意味着金砖合作机制已经成为世界经济增长的主要引擎。新兴市场国家也正在改变世界经济格局，逐渐成为世界经济的“主角”。

第一个“金色十年”，金砖五国交上了亮眼的成绩单，在金砖合作第二个十年，与时俱进、团结进取的金砖合作航船必将行稳致远，为解决全球经济问题作出应有的贡献。 

“一箭易断，十箭难折”，

让我们期待下一个成色更足的“金色十年”！